Renewable energies are needed due to the high environmental cost resulting from the use of fossil fuels. Portugal and Spain are implementing policies, investigation and innovation promoted by the EU within the framework Energetic Challenge in order to achieve the energetic transition towards a low-carbon model. Nevertheless, it is necessary to take into account the availability of renewable power resources as well as the possibility of producing clean energies, the social benefits and the leadership of renewable power plants, to establish guidelines on good practices, and specially to promote the development of joint researches among these two countries.

For the most part, these researches are applied to the technological development and to a lesser extent to the Social Sciences. However, disciplines such as Human and Physic Geography, Sociology, Statistics or Environmental Science play a relevant role for its capacity of, to take some examples, analysing the behaviour of the population towards energy, spatial planning and its involvement on the new model. Thus, they help to consolidate the change in the energy model by an accurate landscape management, just as detailed researches about physic-environmental processes and the functionality of the renewable power plants.