Optimal design and management of a modular hybrid battery-based storage system to support flexible integration of energy communities with green H2 prosumption

Description: Energy Storage Systems (ESSs) are one of the main challenges today for transport and energy applications. Lithium-Ion batteries are the most widely used systems today, but it is still an expensive solution for long term storage. In applications where seasonal storage is needed, the green hydrogen vector is the best choice. The energy surplus from the ECs’ renewable plants can be converted to green H2 by electrolyzers and stored into high/medium pressures tanks (500/200 and 40/20 bar, respectively). The stored energy can be returned to the grid by fuel cells. Also, when using solid oxide systems, a combined system for production of H2 and generation of electricity can be applied and the heat generated used for domestic hot water or heating. Additionally, stored H2 could be used in sustainable mobility fueling hydrogen vehicles. This fact increases the economic profitability of the installation, avoiding the sale of the surplus from the renewable plants to the electricity market at a very low price.